Virtual Machine Template

A template file consists of a set of attributes that defines a Virtual Machine. Using the command onetemplate create, a template can be registered in OpenNebula to be instantiated later. For compatibility with previous versions, you can also create a new Virtual Machine directly from a template file, using the onevm create command.

Warning

Some template attributes can compromise the security of the system or the security of other VMs, and can be used only by users in the oneadmin group. These attributes can be configured in oned.conf. In the following tables, default attributes are marked with *. For the complete list, see the Restricted Attributes section.

Note

If not explicitly stated, the described attributes are valid for all supported hypervisors.

Important

The vCenter driver is a legacy component, and no longer receives updates or bug fixes.

Syntax

The syntax of the template file is as follows:

  • Anything behind the pound or hash sign # is a comment.

  • Strings are delimited with double quotes ", if a double quote is part of the string it needs to be escaped \\".

  • Single Attributes are in the form:

NAME=VALUE
  • Vector Attributes that contain several values can be defined as follows:

NAME=[NAME1=VALUE1,NAME2=VALUE2]
  • Vector Attributes must contain at least one value.

  • Attribute names are case insensitive, in fact the names are converted to uppercase internally.

XML Syntax

Template files can be expressed in XML, with the following syntax:

  • The root element must be TEMPLATE.

  • Single Attributes are in the form:

<NAME>VALUE</NAME>
  • Vector Attributes that contain several values can be defined as follows:

<NAME>
  <NAME1>VALUE1</NAME1>
  <NAME2>VALUE2</NAME2>
</NAME>

A simple example:

<TEMPLATE>
  <NAME>test_vm</NAME>
  <CPU>2</CPU>
  <MEMORY>1024</MEMORY>
  <DISK>
    <IMAGE_ID>2</IMAGE_ID>
  </DISK>
  <DISK>
    <IMAGE>Data</IMAGE>
    <IMAGE_UNAME>oneadmin</IMAGE_UNAME>
  </DISK>
</TEMPLATE>

Capacity Section

The following attributes can be defined to specify the capacity of a VM.

Attribute

Description

Mandatory

NAME

Name that the VM will get for description purposes. If NAME is not supplied a name generated by one will be in the form of one-<VID>. NOTE: When defining a Template it is the name of the VM Template. The actual name of the VM will be set when the VM Template is instantiated.

YES For Templates NO For VMs - will be set to one-<vmid> if omitted

MEMORY

Amount of RAM required for the VM, in Megabytes.

YES

CPU

Percentage of CPU divided by 100 required for the Virtual Machine, half a processor is written 0.5. This value is used by OpenNebula and the scheduler to guide the host overcommitment.

YES

VCPU

Number of virtual CPUs. This value is optional, the default hypervisor behavior is used, usually one virtual CPU.

YES - will be set to 1 if omitted, this can be changed in the driver configuration

Example:

NAME   = test-vm
MEMORY = 128
CPU    = 1

Hotplug Resize VM Capacity

Important

Hotplug implemented only for KVM and vCenter

If you need to resize the capacity in RUNNING state you have to setup some extra attributes in the VM template. These attributes must be set before the VM is started. They are driver-specific, more info for KVM and vCenter.

Showback Section

The following attributes can be defined to set the cost of a VM. Read the showback documentation for more information.

Attribute

Description

Mandatory

MEMORY_COST

Cost of each memory MB per hour.

NO

CPU_COST

Cost of each CPU per hour.

NO

DISK_COST

Cost of each disk MB per hour.

NO

OS and Boot Options Section

The operating system is defined with the OS vector attribute. The following sub-attributes are supported:

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, or - not supported for that hypervisor.

OS Sub-Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

ARCH

CPU architecture to virtualize.

M (default i686)

-

-

MACHINE

libvirt machine type. Check libvirt capabilities for the list of available machine types.

O

-

-

KERNEL

path to the OS kernel to boot the image in the host.

O

-

-

KERNEL_DS

image to be used as kernel (see !!)

O

-

-

INITRD

path to the initrd image in the host.

O (for kernel)

-

-

INITRD_DS

image to be used as ramdisk (see !!)

O (for kernel)

-

-

ROOT

device to be mounted as root.

O (for kernel)

-

-

KERNEL_CMD

arguments for the booting kernel.

O (for kernel)

-

-

BOOTLOADER

path to the bootloader executable.

O

-

-

BOOT

comma separated list of boot devices types, by order of preference (first device in the list is the first device used for boot). Possible values: disk#,nic#.

M

O

O

SD_DISK_BUS

bus for disks with sd prefix, either scsi or sata, if attribute is missing, libvirt chooses itself.

O

-

-

UUID

unique ID of the VM. It’s referenced as machine ID inside the VM. Could be used to force ID for licensing purposes.

O

O

-

FIRMWARE

firmware type or firmware path. Possible values: BIOS or path for KVM, BIOS or UEFI for vCenter.

O

O

-

FIRMWARE_SECURE

enable Secure Boot. Possible values: true, false.

O

-

-

(!!) Use one of KERNEL_DS or KERNEL (and INITRD or INITRD_DS).

KERNEL_DS and INITRD_DS refer to an image registered in a File Datastore and must be of type KERNEL and RAMDISK, respectively. The image should be referred to using one of the following:

  • $FILE[IMAGE=<image name>], to select own files.

  • $FILE[IMAGE=<image name>, <IMAGE_UNAME|IMAGE_UID>=<owner name|owner id>], to select images owned by other users, by user name or uid.

  • $FILE[IMAGE_ID=<image id>], global file selection.

Example, a VM booting from sda1 with kernel /vmlinuz:

OS = [ KERNEL     = /vmlinuz,
       INITRD     = /initrd.img,
       ROOT       = sda1,
       KERNEL_CMD = "ro console=tty1"]
OS = [ KERNEL_DS  = "$FILE[IMAGE=\"kernel 3.6\"]",
       INITRD_DS  = "$FILE[IMAGE=\"initrd 3.6\"]",
       ROOT       = sda1,
       KERNEL_CMD = "ro console=tty1"]

CPU_MODEL Options Section

This section (CPU_MODEL) configures the hardware configuration of the CPU exposed to the guest.

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional or - not supported for that hypervisor.

Sub-Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

MODEL

The CPU model exposed to the guest. Host-passthrough is the same model as the host. Available modes are stored in the host information and obtained through monitor.

O

-

-

FEATURES

The CPU features required by the guest. This a comma separated list of values of the CPU features in a virtual machine. Available features are stored in the host information and obtained through monitor.

O

-

-

Features Section

This section configures the features enabled for the VM.

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, or - not supported for that hypervisor.

Sub-Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

PAE

Physical address extension mode allows 32-bit guests to address more than 4 GB of memory.

O

-

-

ACPI

Useful for power management, for example, with KVM guests it is required for graceful shutdown to work.

O

-

-

APIC

Enables the advanced programmable IRQ management. Useful for SMP machines.

O

-

-

LOCALTIME

The guest clock will be synchronized to the host’s configured timezone when booted. Useful for Windows VMs.

O

-

-

HYPERV

Add hyperv extensions to the VM. The options can be configured in the driver configuration, HYPERV_OPTIONS. Also, timers as configured in HYPERV_TIMERS are added to the domain clock.

O

-

-

GUEST_AGENT

Enables the QEMU Guest Agent communication. This only creates the socket inside the VM, the Guest Agent itself must be installed and started in the VM.

O

-

-

VIRTIO_SCSI_QUEUES

Number of queues for the virtio-scsi controller.

O

-

-

VIRTIO_BLK_QUEUES

Number of dispatch queues for the virtio-blk driver.

O

-

-

IOTHREADS

Number of iothreads for virtio disks. By default threads will be assigned to disk by round robin algorithm. Disk thread id can be forced by disk IOTHREAD attribute.

O

-

-

When setting up the virtio-scsi or virtio-blk queues, you can use the keyword auto which defaults to the number of vCPUs defined in the Virtual Machine. Also, the virtio-blk queues can be overridden per DISK so you can enable the multi-queue feature for the selected disks only.

FEATURES = [
    PAE = "yes",
    ACPI = "yes",
    APIC = "no",
    GUEST_AGENT = "yes",
    VIRTIO_SCSI_QUEUES = "auto"
    VIRTIO_BLK_QUEUES = "auto"
]

Disks Section

The disks of a VM are defined with the DISK vector attribute. You can define as many DISK attributes as you need. There are three types of disks:

  • Persistent disks, uses an Image registered in a Datastore mark as persistent.

  • Clone disks, uses an Image registered in a Datastore. Changes to the images will be discarded. A clone disk can be saved as other image.

  • Volatile disks, created on-the-fly on the target hosts. Disks are disposed when the VM is shutdown and cannot be saved_as

Persistent and Clone Disks

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, or - not supported for that hypervisor.

DISK Sub-Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

IMAGE_ID

ID of the Image to use.

M (no IMAGE)

M (no IMAGE)

M (no IMAGE)

IMAGE

Name of the Image to use.

M (no IMAGE_ID)

M (no IMAGE_ID)

M (no IMAGE_ID)

IMAGE_UID

To select the IMAGE of a given user by its ID.

O

O

O

IMAGE_UNAME

To select the IMAGE of a given user by its NAME.

O

O

O

DEV_PREFIX

Prefix for the emulated device this image will be mounted at. For instance, attribute of the Image will be used.

O

O

-

TARGET

Device to map image disk. If set, it will overwrite the default device hd, sd, or vd for KVM virtio. If omitted, the dev_prefix mapping.

O

-

O (where to mount the image inside the container e.g.: /mnt. Only applies for non root devices)

DRIVER

Specific image mapping driver.

O e.g.: raw, qcow2

-

-

CACHE

Selects the cache mechanism for the disk. Values are default, none, writethrough, writeback, directsync and unsafe. More info in the libvirt documentation.

O

-

O (Only for qcow2 disks)

READONLY

Set how the image is exposed by the hypervisor.

O e.g.: yes, no. This attribute should only be used for special storage configurations

-

O

IO

Set IO policy. Values are threads, native.

O (Needs qemu 1.1)

-

-

IOTHREAD

Iothread id used by this disk. Default is round robin. Can be used only if IOTHREADS > 0.

O (Needs qemu 2.1)

-

-

VIRTIO_BLK_QUEUES

Number of queues for the virtio-blk driver. It can be set for all disks, through the FEATURES attribute

O (Needs qemu 2.1)

-

-

TOTAL_BYTES_SEC, READ_BYTES_SEC, WRITE_BYTES_SEC, TOTAL_IOPS_SEC, READ_IOPS_SEC, WRITE_IOPS_SEC

IO throttling attributes for the disk. They are specified in bytes or IOPS (IO Operations) and can be specified for the total (read+write) or specific for read or write. Total and read or write can not be used at the same time. By default these parameters are only allowed to be used by oneadmin.

O (Needs qemu 1.1)

-

O

TOTAL_BYTES_SEC_MAX, READ_BYTES_SEC_MAX, WRITE_BYTES_SEC_MAX, TOTAL_IOPS_SEC_MAX, READ_IOPS_SEC_MAX, WRITE_IOPS_SEC_MAX

Maximum IO throttling attributes for the disk. They are specified in bytes or IOPS (IO Operations) and can be specified for the total (read+write) or specific for read or write. Total and read or write can not be used at the same time. By default these parameters are only allowed to be used by oneadmin.

O (Needs qemu 1.1)

-

O

TOTAL_BYTES_SEC_MAX_LENGTH, READ_BYTES_SEC_MAX_LENGTH, WRITE_BYTES_SEC_MAX_LENGTH, TOTAL_IOPS_SEC_MAX_LENGTH, READ_IOPS_SEC_MAX_LENGTH, WRITE_IOPS_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

Maximum length IO throttling attributes for the disk. They are specified in bytes or IOPS (IO Operations) and can be specified for the total (read+write) or specific for read or write. Total and read or write can not be used at the same time. By default these parameters are only allowed to be used by oneadmin.

O (Needs qemu 1.1)

-

O

SIZE_IOPS_SEC

Size of IOPS throttling for the disk. This attribute is effective only if one of the TOTAL_IOPS_SEC, READ_IOPS_SEC, WRITE_IOPS_SEC is defined. By default this parameter is only allowed to be used by oneadmin.

O (Needs qemu 1.7)

-

-

VCENTER_ADAPTER_TYPE

Possible values (warning: case-sensitive): lsiLogic, ide, busLogic. More information in the VMware documentation.

-

O (can be inherited from Datastore)

-

DISK_TYPE

This is the type of the supporting media for the image. Values: a block device (BLOCK) an ISO-9660 file or readonly block device (CDROM) or a plain file (FILE)

O

M (can be inherited from Datastore) FILE is the only accepted value

O

VCENTER_DISK_TYPE

Possible values (careful with the case): thin, thick, …. More information in the VMware documentation

-

O (can be inherited from Datastore)

-

DISCARD

Controls what’s done with with trim commands to the disk, the values can be ignore or discard.

O (only with virtio-scsi)

-

-

VCENTER_DS_REF

vCenter datastore’s managed object reference.

-

M (can be inherited from Datastore)

-

VCENTER_INSTANCE_ID

vCenter instance uuid. | -

M (can be inherited from Datastore)

-

OPENNEBULA_MANAGED

If set to yes, in vCenter this DISK represents a virtual disk that was imported when a template or wild VM was imported.

-

O (can be inherited from Datastore)

-

Volatile DISKS

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, or - not supported for that hypervisor.

Warning

Not supported on LXC.

DISK Sub-Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

TYPE

Type of the disk: swap or fs. Type swawp is not supported in vCenter.

O

O

SIZE

size in MB.

O

O

FORMAT

Format of the Image: raw or qcow2.

M(for fs)

M(for fs)

DEV_PREFIX

Prefix for the emulated device this image will be mounted at. For instance, hd, sd. If omitted, the default dev_prefix set in oned.conf will be used.

O

O

TARGET

device to map disk.

O

O

DRIVER

special disk mapping options. KVM: raw, qcow2.

O

-

CACHE

Selects the cache mechanism for the disk. Values are default, none, writethrough, writeback, directsync and unsafe. More info in the libvirt documentation.

O

-

READONLY

Set how the image is exposed by the hypervisor.

O e.g.: yes, no. This attribute should only be used for special storage configurations

-

IO

Set IO policy. Values are threads, native.

O

-

TOTAL_BYTES_SEC, READ_BYTES_SEC, WRITE_BYTES_SEC, TOTAL_IOPS_SEC, READ_IOPS_SEC, WRITE_IOPS_SEC, SIZE_IOPS_SEC

IO throttling attributes for the disk. They are specified in bytes or IOPS (IO Operations) and can be specified for the total (read+write) or specific for read or write. Total and read or write can not be used at the same time. By default these parameters are only allowed to be used by oneadmin.

O

-

VCENTER_ADAPTER_TYPE

Possible values (careful with the case): lsiLogic, ide, busLogic. More information in the VMware documentation

-

O

VCENTER_DISK_TYPE

Possible values (careful with the case): thin, thick, …. More information in the VMware documentation.

-

O

Disks Device Mapping

If the TARGET attribute is not set for a disk, OpenNebula will automatically assign it using the following precedence, starting with dev_prefix + a:

  • First OS type Image.

  • Contextualization CDROM.

  • CDROM type Images.

  • The rest of DATABLOCK and OS Images, and Volatile disks.

Please visit the guide for managing images and the image template reference to learn more about the different image types.

You can find a complete description of the contextualization features in the contextualization guide.

The default device prefix sd can be changed to hd or other prefix that suits your virtualization hypervisor requirements. You can find more information in the daemon configuration guide.

This a sample section for disks. There are four disks using the image repository, and two volatile ones. Note that fs and swap are generated on-the-fly:

# First OS image, will be mapped to sda. Use image with ID 2
DISK = [ IMAGE_ID  = 2 ]

# First DATABLOCK image, mapped to sdb.
# Use the Image named Data, owned by the user named oneadmin.
DISK = [ IMAGE        = "Data",
         IMAGE_UNAME  = "oneadmin" ]

# Second DATABLOCK image, mapped to sdc
# Use the Image named Results owned by user with ID 7.
DISK = [ IMAGE        = "Results",
         IMAGE_UID    = 7 ]

# Third DATABLOCK image, mapped to sdd
# Use the Image named Experiments owned by user instantiating the VM.
DISK = [ IMAGE        = "Experiments" ]

# Volatile filesystem disk, sde
DISK = [ TYPE   = fs,
         SIZE   = 4096,
         FORMAT = ext3 ]

# swap, sdf
DISK = [ TYPE     = swap,
         SIZE     = 1024 ]

Because this VM did not declare a CONTEXT or any disk using a CDROM Image, the first DATABLOCK found is placed right after the OS Image, in sdb. For more information on image management and moving please check the Storage guide.

Network Section

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, or - not supported for that hypervisor.

NIC Sub-Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

NETWORK_ID

ID of the network to attach this device, as defined by onevnet. Use if no NETWORK.

M (No NETWORK)

M (No NETWORK)

M (No NETWORK)

NETWORK

Name of the network to use (of those owned by user). Use if no NETWORK_ID.

M (No NETWORK_ID)

M (No NETWORK_ID)

M (No NETWORK_ID)

NETWORK_UID

To select the NETWORK of a given user by its ID.

O

O

O

NETWORK_UNAME

To select the NETWORK of a given user by its NAME.

O

O

O

IP

Request an specific IP from the NETWORK.

O

O

O

MAC

Request an specific HW address from the network interface.

O

O

O

BRIDGE

Name of the bridge the network device is going to be attached to.

O

O

O

TARGET

Name for the tun device created for the VM.

O

O

O

SCRIPT

Name of a shell script to be executed after creating the tun device for the VM.

O

O

O

MODEL

Hardware that will emulate this network interface. In KVM you can choose virtio to select its specific virtualization IO framework.

O

O

-

FILTER

To define a network filtering rule for the interface.

O

O

O

SECURITY_GROUPS

Command separated list of the ids of the security groups to be applied to this interface.

O

-

-

INBOUND_AVG_BW

Average bitrate for the interface in kilobytes/second for inbound traffic.

O

O

O

INBOUND_PEAK_BW

Maximum bitrate for the interface in kilobytes/second for inbound traffic.

O

O

O

INBOUND_PEAK_KB

Data that can be transmitted at peak speed in kilobytes.

O

-

-

OUTBOUND_AVG_BW

Average bitrate for the interface in kilobytes/second for outbound traffic.

O

O

O

OUTBOUND_PEAK_BW

Maximum bitrate for the interface in kilobytes/second for outbound traffic.

O

O

O

OUTBOUND_PEAK_KB

Data that can be transmitted at peak speed in kilobytes.

O

-

-

NETWORK_MODE

To let the Scheduler pick the VNET if set to auto), any other value will be ignored By default, the network mode is not set.

O

O

O

SCHED_REQUIREMENTS

Define the requirement when NETWORK_MODE is auto.

O

O

O

SCHED_RANK

Define the rank when NETWORK_MODE is auto.

O

O

O

NAME

Name of the NIC.

O

O

O

PARENT

It is used only on alias, it references the NIC which is alias of.

O

O

O

Warning

The PORTS and ICMP attributes require the firewall functionality to be configured. Please read the firewall configuration guide.

Example, a VM with two NIC’s attached to two different networks:

NIC = [ NETWORK_ID = 1 ]

NIC = [ NETWORK     = "Blue",
        NETWORK_UID = 0 ]

NIC = [ NETWORK_MODE = "auto",
        SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "TRAFFIC_TYPE=\"public\"" ]

Example, a VM with two NIC’s attached, one is an alias of the other one:

NIC = [ NETWORK = "Test", NAME = "TestName" ]
NIC_ALIAS = [ NETWORK = "Test", PARENT = "TestName" ]

For more information on setting up virtual networks please check the Managing Virtual Networks guide.

Network Defaults

You can define a NIC_DEFAULT attribute with values that will be copied to each new NIC. This is especially useful for an administrator to define configuration parameters, such as MODEL, that final users may not be aware of.

NIC_DEFAULT = [ MODEL = "virtio" ]

I/O Devices Section

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, or - not supported for that hypervisor.

The following I/O interfaces can be defined for a VM:

Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

INPUT

Define input devices, available sub-attributes:

  • TYPE: values are mouse or tablet

  • BUS: values are usb, ps2

O

-

-

GRAPHICS

Whether the VM should export its graphical display and how, available sub-attributes:

O

O

O

  • TYPE: values: vnc, sdl, spice.

O

O

O (vnc)

  • LISTEN: IP to listen on.

O

O

O

  • PORT: port for the VNC server.

O

O

O

  • PASSWD*: password for the VNC server.

O

O

O

  • KEYMAP: keyboard configuration locale to use in the VNC display.

O

O

-

  • RANDOM_PASSWD: if “YES”, generate a random password for each VM.

O

O

O

VIDEO

Defines a custom video device, available sub-attributes:

O

-

-

  • TYPE: values: none, vnc, cirrus, and virtio

M

-

-

  • IOMMU: Enables the use of emulated IOMMU by the video device.

O

-

-

  • ATS: Enables Address Translate Service for the device.

O

-

-

  • VRAM: Defines the amount of VRAM for the device, in kB

O

-

-

  • RESOLUTION: The preferred device resolution(ex: “1920x1080”, “1280x768”)

O

-

-

Note

Password will be truncated if its length exceeds 8 characters for vnc or 60 characters for spice.

Example:

GRAPHICS = [
  TYPE    = "vnc",
  LISTEN  = "0.0.0.0",
  PORT    = "5905"]

Warning

For the KVM hypervisor the port number is a real one, not the VNC port. So for VNC port 0 you should specify 5900, for port 1, 5901 and so on.

Warning

OpenNebula will prevent VNC port collision within a cluster to ensure that a VM can be deployed or migrated to any host in the selected cluster. If the selected port is in use, the VM deployment will fail. If the user does not specify the port variable, OpenNebula will try to assign VNC_PORTS[START] + VMID, or the first lower available port. The VNC_PORTS[START] is specified inside the oned.conf file.

Context Section

Note

The hypervisor column states that the attribute is Optional, Mandatory, - not supported for that hypervisor or OS name where it is mandatory.

Context information is passed to the Virtual Machine via an ISO mounted as a partition. This information can be defined in the VM template in the optional section called Context, with the following attributes:

Attribute

Description

KVM/LXC

vCenter

VARIABLE

Variables that store values related to this virtual machine or others . The name of the variable is arbitrary (in the example, we use hostname).

O

O

FILES

Space-separated list of paths to include in context device. The location of the files are restricted by the CONTEXT_RESTRICTED_DIRS in oned.conf

O

O

FILES_DS

Space-separated list of File images to include in context device. (Not supported for vCenter)

O

O

INIT_SCRIPTS

If the VM uses the OpenNebula contextualization package the init.sh file is executed by default. When the init script added is not called init.sh or more than one init script is added, this list contains the scripts to run and the order. Ex. “init.sh users.sh mysql.sh”

O

O

START_SCRIPT

Text of the script executed when the machine boots. It can contain shebang in case it is not a shell script. For example START_SCRIPT="yum upgrade" or START_SCRIPT="choco upgrade all" for Bash and PowerShell respectively

O

O

START_SCRIPT_BASE64

The same as START_SCRIPT but encoded in Base64.

O

O

TARGET

Device to attach the context ISO.

O

-

DEV_PREFIX

Device prefix for the context ISO, either sd, or hd.

O

-

TOKEN

YES to create a token.txt file for OneGate monitorization.

O

O

ONEGATE_ENDPOINT

OpenNebula will automatically add this variable if TOKEN is YES. Defaults to http://169.254.16.9:5030. Value loaded from /etc/one/oned.conf

O

O

REPORT_READY

The VM will send the READY signal to the onegate server. After this, the VM Template will contain READY=YES in the USER_TEMPLATE section

O

O

READY_SCRIPT

READY=YES will only be sent if the script is successfully executed

Linux

Linux

READY_SCRIPT_PATH

Similar to READY_SCRIPT but the script exists in the Guest FS

Linux

Linux

NETWORK

YES to fill automatically the networking parameters for each NIC, used by the Contextualization packages.

O

O

NETCFG_TYPE

Network configuration service inside guest VM responsible for configuring the NICs: empty (autodetects suitable service inside VM), bsd (for FreeBSD network configuration), interfaces (for Debian-style configuration via /etc/network/interfaces), netplan (for Netplan, set custom Netplan renderer via NETCFG_NETPLAN_RENDERER) networkd (for systemd-networkd), nm (for NetworkManager), scripts (for legacy Red Hat-style configuration via ifcfg-ethX files)

Linux

Linux

NETCFG_NETPLAN_RENDERER

Netplan renderer (effective only when NETCFG_TYPE=netplan): empty or networkd (for systemd-networkd), NetworkManager (for NetworkManager)

Linux

Linux

SET_HOSTNAME

This parameter value will be the hostname of the VM.

O

O

DNS_HOSTNAME

YES to set the VM hostname to the reverse dns name (from the first IP)

O

O

DNS

Specific DNS server for the Virtual Machine.

O

O

ETHx_MAC

Used to find the correct interface.

O

O

ETHx_IP

IPv4 address for the interface.

O

O

ETHx_IP6

IPv6 address for the interface. Legacy ETHx_IPV6 is also valid.

O

O

ETHx_IP6_PREFIX_LENGTH

IPv6 prefix length for the interface.

O

O

ETHx_IP6_ULA

IPv6 unique local address for the interface

O

O

ETHx_IP6_METRIC

IP6_METRIC value for the IPv6 (default) route associated with this interface.

Linux

Linux

ETHx_IP6_METHOD

IPv6 configuration method for the interface inside VM: static (for static address assignment based on context variables), auto (for SLAAC), dhcp (for SLAAC and DHCPv6), disable (for disabling IPv6), skip (skip IPv6 NIC configuration), empty defaults to content of ETHx_METHOD set for IPv4

O

O

ETHx_METHOD

IPv4 configuration method for the interface inside VM: empty or static (for static address assignment based on context variables), dhcp (for DHCPv4), skip (skip IPv4 NIC configuration)

O

O

ETHx_NETWORK

Network address of the interface.

O

O

ETHx_MASK

Network mask.

O

O

ETHx_GATEWAY

Default IPv4 gateway for the interface.

O

O

ETHx_GATEWAY6

Default IPv6 gateway for the interface.

O

O

ETHx_ROUTES

Comma separated list of custom routes for the interface. Format: <dst_network2> via <gateway1>, <dst_network2> via <gateway2>

O

O

ETHx_MTU

MTU value for the interface.

O

O

ETHx_METRIC

METRIC value for the (default) route associated with this interface.

O

O

ETHx_DNS

DNS for the network.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_MAC

Used to find the correct interface.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_IP

IPv4 address for the alias.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_IP6

IPv6 address for the alias. Legacy ETHx_ALIASy_IPV6 is also valid.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_IP6_PREFIX_LENGTH

IPv6 prefix length for the alias.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_IP6_ULA

IPv6 unique local address for the alias.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_IP6_METHOD

IP6_METHOD value for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_IP6_METRIC

IP6_METRIC value for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_NETWORK

Network address of the alias.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_MASK

Network mask.

O

O

ETHx_ALIASy_GATEWAY

Default IPv4 gateway for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_GATEWAY6

Default IPv6 gateway for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_MTU

MTU value for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_METHOD

METHOD value for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_METRIC

METRIC value for the alias.

-

-

ETHx_ALIASy_DNS

DNS for the alias.

-

-

USERNAME

User to be created in the guest OS. If any password or SSH_PUBLIC_KEY attribute is defined (see below) it will change this user (defaults to root).

Linux

Linux

CRYPTED_PASSWORD_BASE64

Crypted password encoded in base64. To be set for the user USERNAME.

Linux

Linux

PASSWORD_BASE64

Password encoded in base64. To be set for the user USERNAME.

O

O

CRYPTED_PASSWORD

Crypted password. To be set for the user USERNAME. This parameter is not recommended, use CRYPTED_PASSWORD_BASE64 instead.

Linux

Linux

PASSWORD

Password to be set for the user USERNAME. This parameter is not recommended, use PASSWORD_BASE64 instead.

O

O

SSH_PUBLIC_KEY

Key to be added to USERNAME authorized_keys file or root in case USERNAME is not set. Requires OpenSSH server installed on Windows, user automatically detected. USERNAME ignored.

O

O

WINADMIN

Set to NO to treat the Windows user as standard user for setting SSH_PUBLIC_KEY

Windows

Windows

SECURETTY

If set to NO it will disable securetty validation on PAM. If set to YES it will restore system defaults. Defaults: LXC -> YES, KVM -> NO.

Linux

Linux

TIMEZONE

Time zone to set. On Linux, the name must match the zone file name relative to /usr/share/zoneinfo/ (e.g. US/Central). On Windows, the name must match supported zone listed by tzutil /l (e.g. Central Standard Time)

O

O

GROW_ROOTFS

If set to NO, the automatic growing of the root filesystem or disk C: on Windows will be disabled.

O

O

GROW_FS

Mountpoints on Linux (e.g.: /mnt/disk /data) or drive letters on Windows (e.g.: X: Y:) of all the extra filesystems which should be extended. The rootfs / on Linux or disk C: on Windows is implied (automatically added) if GROW_ROOTFS is left empty or set to YES.

O

O

IGNORE_SWAP

If set to YES then one-contexd service will skip auto-mounting of any found swap devices (this does not affect swap defined in /etc/fstab).

Linux

Linux

RECREATE_RUN

If set to YES, missing directories and files persisted in the image in /run (or /var/run) are restored and copied to the ephemeral /run (or /var/run) of the VM instance.

Linux

Linux

EJECT_CDROM

Value YES will signal to eject the CD with the context.sh file when (re)contextualization is finished.

Windows

-

Note

Limitations apply in vCenter alias for attach/detach NIC operations.

Note

If more than one of the password changing attributes listed above is defined, only the one with highest priority will be applied. The priority is the same as the order of appearance in this table.

The values referred to by VARIABLE can be defined as:

Hardcoded values:

SET_HOSTNAME   = "MAINHOST"

Using template variables

$<template_variable>: any single value variable of the VM template, for example:

IP_GEN       = "10.0.0.$VMID"
SET_HOSTNAME = "$NAME"

$<template_variable>[<attribute>]: Any single value contained in a multiple value variable in the VM template, for example:

IP_PRIVATE = $NIC[IP]

$<template_variable>[<attribute>, <attribute2>=<value2>]: Any single value contained in the variable of the VM template, setting one attribute to discern between multiple variables called the same way, for example:

IP_PUBLIC = "$NIC[IP, NETWORK=\"Public\"]"

Using Virtual Network template variables

$NETWORK[<vnet_attribute>, <NETWORK_ID|NETWORK|NIC_ID>=<vnet_id|vnet_name|nic_id>]: Any single value variable in the Virtual Network template, for example:

DNS = "$NETWORK[DNS, NETWORK_ID=3]"

Note

The network MUST be in use by any of the NICs defined in the template. The vnet_attribute can be TEMPLATE to include the whole vnet template in XML (base64 encoded).

Using Image template variables

$IMAGE[<image_attribute>, <IMAGE_ID|IMAGE>=<img_id|img_name>]: Any single value variable in the Image template, for example:

root = "$IMAGE[ROOT_PASS, IMAGE_ID=0]"

Note

The image MUST be in use by any of the DISKs defined in the template. The image_attribute can be TEMPLATE to include the whole image template in XML (base64 encoded).

Using User template variables

$USER[<user_attribute>]: Any single value variable in the user (owner of the VM) template, for example:

ssh_key = "$USER[SSH_KEY]"

Note

The user_attribute can be TEMPLATE to include the whole user template in XML (base64 encoded).

Pre-defined variables, apart from those defined in the template you can use:

  • $UID, the uid of the VM owner.

  • $UNAME, the name of the VM owner.

  • $GID, the id of the VM owner’s group.

  • $GNAME, the name of the VM owner’s group.

  • $TEMPLATE, the whole template in XML format and encoded in base64.

FILES_DS, each file must be registered in a FILE_DS datastore and has to be of type CONTEXT. Use the following to select files from Files Datastores:

  • $FILE[IMAGE=<image name>], to select own files.

  • $FILE[IMAGE=<image name>, <IMAGE_UNAME|IMAGE_UID>=<owner name|owner id>], to select images owned by other users, by user name or UID.

  • $FILE[IMAGE_ID=<image id>], global file selection.

Example:

CONTEXT = [
  SET_HOSTNAME = "MAINHOST",
  IP_PRIVATE   = "$NIC[IP]",
  DNS          = "$NETWORK[DNS, NAME=\"Public\"]",
  IP_GEN       = "10.0.0.$VMID",
  FILES        = "/service/init.sh /service/certificates /service/service.conf",
  FILES_DS     = "$FILE[IMAGE_ID=34] $FILE[IMAGE=\"kernel\"]",
  TARGET       = "sdc"
]

Placement Section

The following attributes sets placement constraints and preferences for the VM, valid for all hypervisors:

Attribute

Description

SCHED_REQUIREMENTS

Boolean expression that rules out provisioning hosts from list of machines suitable to run this VM.

SCHED_RANK

This field sets which attribute will be used to sort the suitable hosts for this VM. Basically, it defines which hosts are more suitable than others.

SCHED_DS_REQUIREMENTS

Boolean expression that rules out entries from the pool of datastores suitable to run this VM.

SCHED_DS_RANK

States which attribute will be used to sort the suitable datastores for this VM. Basically, it defines which datastores are more suitable than others.

USER_PRIORITY

Alter the standard FIFO ordering to dispatch VMs. VMs with a higher USER_PRIORITY will be dispatched first.

Example:

SCHED_REQUIREMENTS    = "CPUSPEED > 1000"
SCHED_RANK            = "FREE_CPU"
SCHED_DS_REQUIREMENTS = "NAME=GoldenCephDS"
SCHED_DS_RANK         = FREE_MB

Requirement Expression Syntax

The syntax of the requirement expressions is defined as:

stmt::= expr';'
expr::= VARIABLE '=' NUMBER
      | VARIABLE '!=' NUMBER
      | VARIABLE '>' NUMBER
      | VARIABLE '<' NUMBER
      | VARIABLE '@>' NUMBER
      | VARIABLE '=' STRING
      | VARIABLE '!=' STRING
      | VARIABLE '@>' STRING
      | expr '&' expr
      | expr '|' expr
      | '!' expr
      | '(' expr ')'

Each expression is evaluated to 1 (TRUE) or 0 (FALSE). Only those hosts for which the requirement expression is evaluated to TRUE will be considered to run the VM.

Logical operators work as expected ( less ‘<’, greater ‘>’, ‘&’ AND, ‘|’ OR, ‘!’ NOT), ‘=’ means equals with numbers (floats and integers). When you use ‘=’ operator with strings, it performs a shell wildcard pattern matching. Additionally the ‘@>’ operator means contains, if the variable evaluates to an array the expression will be true if that array contains the given number or string (or any string that matches the provided pattern).

Any variable included in the Host template or its Cluster template can be used in the requirements. You may also use an XPath expression to refer to the attribute.

There is a special variable, CURRENT_VMS, that can be used to deploy VMs in a Host where other VMs are (not) running. It can be used only with the operators ‘=’ and ‘!=’.

Examples:

# Only aquila hosts (aquila0, aquila1...), note the quotes
SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "NAME = \"aquila*\""

# Only those resources with more than 60% of free CPU
SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "FREE_CPU > 60"

# Deploy only in the Host where VM 5 is running. Two different forms:
SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "CURRENT_VMS = 5"
SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "\"HOST/VMS/ID\" @> 5"

# Deploy in any Host, except the ones where VM 5 or VM 7 are running
SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "(CURRENT_VMS != 5) & (CURRENT_VMS != 7)"

# Use any datastore that is in cluster 101 (it list of cluster IDs contains 101)
SCHED_DS_REQUIREMENTS = "\"CLUSTERS/ID\" @> 101"

Warning

If using OpenNebula’s default match-making scheduler in a hypervisor heterogeneous environment, it is a good idea to add an extra line like the following to the VM template to ensure its placement in a specific hypervisor.

SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "HYPERVISOR=\"vcenter\""

Warning

Template variables can be used in the SCHED_REQUIREMENTS section.

  • $<template_variable>: any single value variable of the VM template.

  • $<template_variable>[<attribute>]: Any single value contained in a multiple value variable in the VM template.

  • $<template_variable>[<attribute>, <attribute2>=<value2>]: Any single value contained in a multiple value variable in the VM template, setting one attribute to discern between multiple variables called the same way.

For example, if you have a custom probe that generates a MACS attribute for the hosts, you can do short of a MAC pinning, so only VMs with a given MAC runs in a given host.

SCHED_REQUIREMENTS = "MAC=\"$NIC[MAC]\""

Rank Expression Syntax

The syntax of the rank expressions is defined as:

stmt::= expr';'
expr::= VARIABLE
      | NUMBER
      | expr '+' expr
      | expr '-' expr
      | expr '*' expr
      | expr '/' expr
      | '-' expr
      | '(' expr ')'

Rank expressions are evaluated using each host information. ‘+’, ‘-’, ‘*’, ‘/’ and ‘-’ are arithmetic operators. The rank expression is calculated using floating point arithmetic, and then rounded to an integer value.

Warning

The rank expression is evaluated for each host, those hosts with a higher rank are used first to start the VM. The rank policy must be implemented by the scheduler. Check the configuration guide to configure the scheduler.

Warning

Similar to the requirements attribute, any number (integer or float) attribute defined for the host can be used in the rank attribute.

Examples:

# First those resources with a higher Free CPU
  SCHED_RANK = "FREE_CPU"

# Consider also the CPU temperature
  SCHED_RANK = "FREE_CPU * 100 - TEMPERATURE"

vCenter Section

Tip

For more information about vCenter attributes, see also the vCenter Specifics Section.

Predefined Host Attributes

There are some predefined Host attributes that can be used in the requirements and rank expressions, valid for all hypervisors:

Attribute

Description

NAME

Hostname.

MAX_CPU

Total CPU in the host, in (# cores * 100).

CPU_USAGE

Allocated used CPU in (# cores * 100). This value is the sum of all the CPU requested by VMs running on the host, and is updated instantly each time a VM is deployed or undeployed.

FREE_CPU

Real free CPU in (# cores * 100), as returned by the probes. This value is updated each monitorization cycle.

USED_CPU

Real used CPU in (# cores * 100), as returned by the probes. USED_CPU = MAX_CPU - FREE_CPU. This value is updated each monitorization cycle.

MAX_MEM

Total memory in the host, in KB.

MEM_USAGE

Allocated used memory in KB. This value is the sum of all the memory requested by VMs running on the host, and is updated instantly each time a VM is deployed or undeployed.

FREE_MEMORY

Real free memory in KB, as returned by the probes. This value is updated each monitorization cycle.

USED_MEMORY

Real used memory in KB, as returned by the probes. USED_MEMORY = MAX_MEM - FREE_MEMORY. This value is updated each monitorization cycle.

RUNNING_VMS

Number of VMs deployed on this host.

HYPERVISOR

Hypervisor name.

You can execute onehost show <id> -x to see all the attributes and their values.

Note

Check the Monitoring Subsystem guide to find out how to extend the information model and add any information probe to the Hosts.

Hypervisor Section

You can also tune several low-level hypervisor attributes.

The RAW attribute (optional) section of the VM template is used pass VM information directly to the underlying hypervisor. Anything placed in the data attribute gets passed straight to the hypervisor unmodified.

Attribute

Description

KVM

vCenter

LXC

TYPE

Possible values are: kvm, lxc, vmware.

O

-

O

VALIDATE

Validate DATA against XML schema, possible values yes, no. Default value yes.

O

-

-

DATA

Raw data to be passed directly to the hypervisor.

O

-

O

DATA_VMX

Raw data to be added directly to the .vmx file.

-

O

-

Example:

RAW = [
    type = "kvm",
    validate = "yes",
    data = "<devices><serial type=\"pty\"><source path=\"/dev/pts/5\"/><target port=\"0\"/></serial><console type=\"pty\" tty=\"/dev/pts/5\"><source path=\"/dev/pts/5\"/><target port=\"0\"/></console></devices>"
]
RAW = [
    type = "lxc",
    data = "boot.autostart": "true", "limits.processes": "10000"
]

Additionally the following can be also set for KVM

Attribute

Description

EMULATOR

Path to the emulator binary to use with this VM.

Example:

EMULATOR="/usr/bin/qemu-system-aarch64"

Restricted Attributes

All the default restricted attributes to users in the oneadmin group are summarized in:

  • CONTEXT/FILES

  • NIC/VLAN_ID

  • NIC/BRIDGE

  • NIC/FILTER

  • NIC/FILTER_IP_SPOOFING

  • NIC/FILTER_MAC_SPOOFING

  • NIC/INBOUND_AVG_BW

  • NIC/INBOUND_PEAK_BW

  • NIC/INBOUND_PEAK_KB

  • NIC/OUTBOUND_AVG_BW

  • NIC/OUTBOUND_PEAK_BW

  • NIC/OUTBOUND_PEAK_KB

  • NIC/OPENNEBULA_MANAGED

  • NIC/VCENTER_INSTANCE_ID

  • NIC/VCENTER_NET_REF

  • NIC/VCENTER_PORTGROUP_TYPE

  • NIC/EXTERNAL

  • NIC_ALIAS/MAC

  • NIC_ALIAS/VLAN_ID

  • NIC_ALIAS/BRIDGE

  • NIC_ALIAS/INBOUND_AVG_BW

  • NIC_ALIAS/INBOUND_PEAK_BW

  • NIC_ALIAS/INBOUND_PEAK_KB

  • NIC_ALIAS/OUTBOUND_AVG_BW

  • NIC_ALIAS/OUTBOUND_PEAK_BW

  • NIC_ALIAS/OUTBOUND_PEAK_KB

  • NIC_ALIAS/OPENNEBULA_MANAGED

  • NIC_ALIAS/VCENTER_INSTANCE_ID

  • NIC_ALIAS/VCENTER_NET_REF

  • NIC_ALIAS/VCENTER_PORTGROUP_TYPE

  • NIC_DEFAULT/MAC

  • NIC_DEFAULT/VLAN_ID

  • NIC_DEFAULT/BRIDGE

  • NIC_DEFAULT/FILTER

  • NIC_DEFAULT/EXTERNAL

  • DISK/TOTAL_BYTES_SEC

  • DISK/TOTAL_BYTES_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

  • DISK/TOTAL_BYTES_SEC_MAX

  • DISK/READ_BYTES_SEC

  • DISK/READ_BYTES_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

  • DISK/READ_BYTES_SEC_MAX

  • DISK/WRITE_BYTES_SEC

  • DISK/WRITE_BYTES_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

  • DISK/WRITE_BYTES_SEC_MAX

  • DISK/TOTAL_IOPS_SEC

  • DISK/TOTAL_IOPS_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

  • DISK/TOTAL_IOPS_SEC_MAX

  • DISK/READ_IOPS_SEC

  • DISK/READ_IOPS_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

  • DISK/READ_IOPS_SEC_MAX

  • DISK/WRITE_IOPS_SEC

  • DISK/WRITE_IOPS_SEC_MAX_LENGTH

  • DISK/WRITE_IOPS_SEC_MAX

  • DISK/SIZE_IOPS_SEC

  • DISK/OPENNEBULA_MANAGED

  • DISK/VCENTER_DS_REF

  • DISK/VCENTER_INSTANCE_ID

  • DISK/SIZE

  • DISK/ORIGINAL_SIZE

  • DISK/SIZE_PREV

  • DEPLOY_ID

  • CPU_COST

  • MEMORY_COST

  • DISK_COST

  • PCI

  • EMULATOR

  • RAW

  • USER_PRIORITY

  • USER_INPUTS/CPU

  • USER_INPUTS/MEMORY

  • USER_INPUTS/VCPU

  • VCENTER_VM_FOLDER

  • VCENTER_ESX_HOST

  • TOPOLOGY/PIN_POLICY

  • TOPOLOGY/HUGEPAGE_SIZE

These attributes can be configured in oned.conf.

User Inputs

USER_INPUTS provides the template creator with the possibility to dynamically ask the user instantiating the template for dynamic values that must be defined.

USER_INPUTS = [
  BLOG_TITLE="M|text|Blog Title",
  MYSQL_PASSWORD="M|password|MySQL Password",
  INIT_HOOK="M|text64|You can write a script that will be run on startup",
  <VAR>="M|<type>|<desc>"
]

CONTEXT=[
  BLOG_TITLE="$BLOG_TITLE",
  MYSQL_PASSWORD="$MYSQL_PASSWORD" ]

Note that the CONTEXT references the variables defined in the USER_INPUTS so the value is injected into the VM.

Valid types:

Types

Value

Description

text

<VAR>=”M|text| <desc>| | <default>”

A string

text64

<VAR>=”M|text64| <desc>| | <default>”

text64 will encode the user’s response in Base64

password

<VAR>=”M|password| <desc>”

number

<VAR>=”M|number| <desc>| | <default>”

An integer

float

<VAR>=”M|number-float| <desc>| | <default>”

A float

range

<VAR>=”M|range| <desc>|<min>..<max>| <default>”

A range of integers

range (float)

<VAR>=”M|range-float| <desc>|<min>..<max>|<default>”

A range of floats

list

<VAR>=”M|list| <desc>|<v1>,<v2>,<v3>|<default>”

A list

list-multiple

<VAR>=”M|list-multiple| <desc>|<v1>,<v2>,<v3>|<default>|”

A list with multiple values

boolean

<VAR>=”M|boolean| <desc>| | <default>”

Yes or not

fixed

<VAR>=”M|fixed| <desc>| | <value>”

A fixed value, cannot be changed.

There is the possibility of making the USER_INPUT mandatory or not. If it is mandatory, we will see a letter ‘M’ but if it is not mandatory a letter ‘O’ will appear. Example:

  • <VAR>=”M|…. This is mandatory

  • <VAR>=”O|…. This is not mandatory

In Sunstone, the USER_INPUTS can be ordered with the mouse.

user_inputs

Schedule actions Section

The following attributes can used to define punctual or relative actions for the VM.

Attribute

Description

TIME

Time in seconds to start the action. Can be defined as relative value +sec from the VM start, OpenNebula computes and stores absolute value.

WARNING

Time in seconds (can be relative +sec from the VM start), when the CLI and Sunstone will highlight the action, because it will be executed soon.

REPEAT

Define the granularity of the action [ WEEKLY = 0 , MONTHLY = 1 , YEARLY = 2 , HOURLY = 3 ].

DAYS

Sets the frequency for recurring actions. The specific values depends on the REPEAT mode, i.e. for yearly periods DAYS=”1,365” would mean the first and last day of the year.

ACTION

The action that will be executed.

ARGS

Additional arguments for the action (no need to define the VM_ID)

END_TYPE

When the users want end the action [ NEVER = 0 , NUMBER OF REPETITIONS = 1 , DATE = 2 ].

END_VALUE

The value for END_TYPE attribute, can be a number or a date.

Example:

SCHED_ACTION=[
    ACTION="suspend",
    DAYS="1,5",
    END_TYPE="1",
    END_VALUE="5",
    ID="0",
    REPEAT="0",
    TIME="1537653600",
    WARNING="1537567200" ]

NUMA topology Section

The following attributes can use to define a NUMA topology for the VM.

TOPOLOGY attribute

Description

PIN_POLICY

vCPU pinning preference: CORE, THREAD, SHARED, NONE.

SOCKETS

Number of sockets or NUMA nodes.

CORES

Number of cores per node.

THREADS

Number of threads per core.

HUGEPAGE_SIZE

Size of the hugepages (MB). If not defined no hugepages will be used.

MEMORY_ACCESS

Control if the memory is to be mapped shared or private.

Example:

TOPOLOGY = [
  HUGEPAGE_SIZE = "2",
  MEMORY_ACCESS = "shared",
  NUMA_NODES    = "2",
  PIN_POLICY    = "THREAD" ]

Asymmetric NUMA configurations, i.e. not distributing the VM resources evenly across the nodes, can be defined manually setting the NUMA_NODE attribute:

NUMA_NODE attribute

Description

MEMORY

Memory allocated in the node, in MB.

TOTAL_CPUS

Total number of CPU units, CORE*THREADS.

For example:

TOPOLOGY = [ PIN_POLICY = CORE, SOCKETS = 2 ]

NUMA_NODE = [ MEMORY = 1024, TOTAL_CPUS = 2 ]
NUMA_NODE = [ MEMORY = 2048, TOTAL_CPUS = 4 ]

Please check the NUMA guide for more information.

Sunstone Section

The following attributes are used to display elements in Sunstone:

Attribute

Description

NETWORK_ALIAS

Disable interface network type (alias)

NETWORK_AUTO

Disable interface network selection (Automatic selection)

NETWORK_RDP

Disable interface network RDP connection (active)

NETWORK_SSH

Disable interface network SSH connection (active)

NETWORK_SELECT

Disable Network selection for VM on instantiation.

For example:

SUNSTONE = [
  NETWORK_ALIAS = "yes",
  NETWORK_AUTO = "no",
  NETWORK_RDP = "yes",
  NETWORK_SSH = "yes"
]

sunstone_network_options

sunstone_network_options-2

sunstone_network_options-3